Displaying items by tag: Japan

US: The United States Geological Survey (USGS) estimates that the US sold 17Mt of ferrous slags in 2021, a rise of 31% year-on-year from the estimate in 2020. Blast furnace slag represented about 49% of the volume sold and accounted for 87% of the total value ofslag, most of which was granulated. Steel slag produced from oxygen and electric arc furnaces accounted forthe remainder of sales. Slag was processed by 28 companies servicing active iron and steel facilities or reprocessing old slag piles at about 124 processing plants, including some iron and steel plants with more than one slag-processing facility, in 33 States, including facilities that import and grind unground slag to sell as ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS).

A further 2.2Mt was imported, a slight decline from 2020. From 2017 to 2020 the USGS reports that 42% of imported slag came from Japan, 18% from Brazil, 11% from China and 10% from Italy.

The USGS noted that during 2021, domestic GGBFS remained in limited supply because granulation cooling was known to be available at only two active US blast furnaces while, elsewhere, only one domestic plant produced pelletised slag in limited supply. Grinding of granulated blast furnace slag was only performed domestically by cement companies. However, following Covid-19 related decrease in availability in 2020, supply of steel slag increased in 2021.

Japan: JFE Steel and Innoqua, a startup linked to the University of Tokyo, are working on using slag as an artificial bed for coral reef restoration. JFE Steel has recently installed a 1m fish tank in the lobby of its Tokyo-based headquarters as part of a feasibility test for the biodiversity initiative, according to the Nikkei newspaper. The companies are testing Marine Block, a product made from slag that is processed using a proprietary technique to allow coral to attach to it easily. The initiative will examine which species of corals are most likely to attach to the Marine Block, the ideal growing conditions and then move on to larger-scale coral breeding.

The Japanese steel industry produces over 35Mt/yr of slag. The majority of it is used in infrastructure projects. JFE Steel hopes to use about 10% of the slag it produces in 2030 in port and marine applications.

World: Global steel production was 1.86Bnt in 2020, down by 1% year-on-year from 1.88Bn in 2019. The decrease is the first since 2015. The sharpest declines were recorded in the US (17%), Japan (16%), the EU (12%) and India (11%). Chinese steel production rose for a sixth consecutive year to 1.05Bnt, up by 5% from 1.00Bnt. The rest of the world produced 811Mt, down by 8% from 879Mt. China’s share of world steel production rose to 57% from 53%.

Belgium: The World Steel Association (WSA) forecasts that total global steel consumption in 2020 will be 1.65Bnt, down by 6.4% year-on-year from 1.77Bnt in 2019, due to the impacts of the coronavirus outbreak on steel-intensive industries. The WSA estimated that demand will decline by 17% in developed countries, with the steepest falls in Japan, South Korea and the US, and by 18% in India. China’s steel consumption is expected to rise by 1% due to increased infrastructure spending and a swift post-coronavirus recovery. Construction, a mostly seasonal sector, had already reached full productivity in April 2020.

The WSA expects steel demand to increase by 3.8% year-on-year in 2021 to 1.72Bnt globally. The sharpest recovery is expected to be in developing countries, where the WSA says that total demand will increase by 9.2%, following a fall of 11.6% in 2020.

Japan: Taiheiyo Cement, JFE Steel and the Global Institute for Environmental Technology are working together to develop a carbon capture and storage system. The system will use wet alkaline earth metals extracted from steel slag to produce carbonates from exhaust gases at cement and steel plants. The partners are investigating the possibility of using these carbonates, specifically calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, as additives in cement production at Taiheiyo Cement’s plants. Taiheiyo Cement president Masafumi Shigehara said, “With the effects of climate change becoming apparent both in Japan and overseas, the importance of global warming counter-measures is increasing.”

World: Global steel production rose by 4.6% year-on-year to 1.81Bnt in 2018 from 1.73Bnt in 2017. Data from the World Steel Association shows that production rose fastest in the Middle East, Africa and Australasia. Asian production rose by 5.6% to 1.27Bnt and North American production grew by 4.1% to 121Mt. European production remained static at 312Mt, with a slight dip in the European Union (EU) balanced by slight growth in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). China remained the largest steel producing country, with 9.28Mt in 2018. It was followed by India, Japan, the US and South Korea.

Japan: Steel slag production fell by 2.1% year-on-year to 36.7Mt in the financial year that ended in March 2018, according to Japan Metal Daily. This was attributed to increasing levels of slag recycling rates with nearly all of the blast furnace slag being reused.

China/Japan: Chinese customs have returned 14,100t of imported non-ferrous slag back to Japan the General Administration of Customs has said. The products were declared as iron oxide and iron powder, according to Reuters. However, they were found to be iron sludge and non-ferrous slag. These by-products have faced an import ban since the beginning of 2018.

Japan: Aichi Steel is set to increase production of AS Shot, a high strength abrasive shot made using steel slag. It plans to upgrade its Chita plant to increase output fivefold for the 2017 financial year, according to Japan Metal Daily. Shooting is applied for plating base materials and removing rust in a wide range of fields including bridges, automobiles and shipbuilding. Use of AS Shot reduces the amount of dust generated during blasting and enables treatment to have a long life and excellent machinability.

Japan: 240,000t of unapproved steel slag have been found buried at a US$66m residential development in Sodegaura, Chiba Prefecture, according to local press. The slag lacks the approval of the landowner contravening the Land Readjustment Act. The Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Ministry has started to investigate.

The Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation's Kimitsu works produced the slag before selling it to the developers. Research by the Mainichi newspaper suggests that the developers used the slag for ground improvement in 2012 before approval was obtained affecting the finances of the project.

Due to the swelling of slag when it absorbs water, if the slag-to-soil ratio surpasses 30%, users should to test in advance how much the mixture will expand. Steel slag is treated as industrial waste if it is not recyclable. Disposal of such slag costs US$170 – 340/t.